Full Record

43018

Atlantic hurricane season of 1992 [in "MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW"]

• : DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

42823

Rhode Island hurricane evacuation study - technical data report

• At the request of the Governor of Rhode Island, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the US Army Corps of Engineers cooperatively sponsored and conducted the Rhode Island Hurricane Evacuation Study. The study was completed with direct assistance provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Rhode Island Emergency Management Agency. Funding was provided by FEMA under the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 and by the Corps of Engineers under its Flood Plain Management Services program authorized in Section 206 of the Flood Control Act of 1960. The purpose of this study was to provide the Rhode Island Emergency Management Agency and Rhode Island coastal communities with data quantifying the major factors involved in hurricane evacuation decision-making. The results of this study are not intended to replace existing hurricane preparedness plans but rather to provide state-of-the-art information that can be used to update or revise current plans. To accomplish this, the Study provides information on the extent and severity of potential flooding from hurricanes, the associated vulnerable population, capacities of existing public shelters and estimated sheltering requirements, and evacuation roadway clearance times. The report also provides guidance on how this information can be used with National Hurricane Center advisories for hurricane evacuation decision-making.

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

41925

La Niña, El Niño, and Atlantic hurricane damages in the United States [in "BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY"]

• : DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

41773

Central America after Hurricane Mitch: will the donors deliver?

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

41535

Landfalling tropical cyclones: forecast problems and associated research opportunities [in "BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY"]

• : DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

23229 1996

The deadliest, costliest, and most intense United States hurricanes of this century (and other frequently requested hurricane facts)

• Lists of the thirty United States deadliest and costliest land falling hurricanes during this century have been compiled from all data sources available at the Tropical Prediction Center (TPC). Damages are given both before and after adjustment for inflation. In addition, all major hurricanes which have made landfall in the United States during this century are listed. Some additional statistics on United States hurricanes of this and previous centuries and tropical cyclones in general are also presented.

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

35807

Surveillance of shelters after Hurricane Hugo - Puerto Rico [in "MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT"]

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

35434

Basic minimum standards for retrofitting

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

35349

Toolkit: a manual for implementation of the hurricane-resistant home improvement program in the Caribbean (rev. ed.)

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

35342

Return period estimation of hurricane perils in the Caribbean

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

34294

A simple empirical model for predicting the decay of tropical cyclone winds after landfall [in "JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY"]

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

33460

DOD's disaster relief assistance in response to Hurricane Mitch

• Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO provided information on the Department of Defense's (DOD) relief efforts in Central America in the wake of Hurricane Mitch. GAO noted that (1) DOD's Hurricane Mitch disaster relief assistance has been broad in scope; (2) initially, DOD provided life-saving assistance, which was followed by infrastructure repairs and medical services; (3) at present, DOD is providing restoration assistance as part of joint-training readiness exercises for combat engineers and medical reserve forces, a byproduct of which will be humanitarian and civic assistance; (4) DOD's estimated fiscal year 1999 costs for these relief efforts total $223 million; (5) to fund these efforts, the President submitted a request in February 1999 for emergency supplemental appropriations of $956 million, including $188.5 million for DOD; (6) the funds requested for DOD are intended to replenish the accounts DOD initially used to fund the cost of Hurricane Mitch disaster relief assistance and to fund the restoration assistance; and (7) there are three reasons for the $34.5-million difference between the DOD cost and requested funding: (a) some previously planned activities financed by the Overseas Humanitarian, Disaster, and Civic Aid account could not be rescheduled; (b) some of the funds used were provided by the Department of State; and (c) the funding requested for restoration assistance does not reflect all expected costs.

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

33331

Cloud-to-ground lightning in tropical cyclones: a study of Hurricanes Hugo (1989) and Jerry - 1989 [in "MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW"]

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

32877

Hurricane Floyd evacuation

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

31878

Rapid health needs assessment following Hurricane Andrew - Florida and Louisiana, 1992 [in "MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT"]

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

31872

Injuries and illnesses related to Hurricane Andrew - Louisiana, 1992 [in "MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT"]

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

14090

Thirty years after Hurricane Camille: lessons learned, lessons lost

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

31406

Stability and change in stress, resources, and psychological distress following natural disaster: findings from a longitudinal study of Hurricane Andrew

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

The hurricane history of colonial Virginia to 1775 [in "ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT"]

• c.1: JOURNAL ROOM - ROOM 201 [Status: IN]

30945

Hurricane threat and evacuation intentions: an analysis of risk perception, preparedness, social influences, and resources

• The goal of this study was to test a model in which the decision to evacuate is a function of four processes (risk perception, preparedness, social influence, and economic resources). Participants were interviewed by telephone both while they were under a hurricane warning and after the threat had disappeared (pre-post sample). Because all respondents had been participants in an earlier panel study, pre-threat data were also available. The pre-post sample of 95 panelists was older than the non-respondent sample of 54 panelists who could not be reached by phone during the warning period but was otherwise comparable. The results indicated that higher risk perception and the belief that one is influenced by others are the strongest predictors of intentions to evacuate. Furthermore, risk perception was shown to mediate the influences of many background variable (e.g., experiences, demographics) on evacuation intentions. Post-event comparisons between the pre-post group and a reactivity control group of 66 panelists suggested that the warning period interview did not increase anxiety but may have influenced reactive preparedness.

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

30811

FEMA's disaster management program: a performance audit after Hurricane Andrew

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.2: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

30632

Natural disaster episode: impacts, emergency response and health effects of Hurricane Georges in the Gulf Coast

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

30259

Assessing "practical knowledge" of FEMA's responsiveness and effectiveness in the aftermath of Hurricane Bonnie, in Wrightsville Beach and Topsail Island, North Carolina

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

30001

Hurricane Georges in Puerto Rico - observations, recommendations, and technical guidance

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.2: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.3: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.4: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.5: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

30002

Hurricane Georges in the Gulf Coast: building on success - observations, recommendations, and technical guidance

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.2: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.3: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.4: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

29976

Hurricane Georges: the experience of the media and emergency management on the Mississippi Gulf Coast

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

29935

Damage survey of Hurricane Andrew and its relationship to the eyewall [in "BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY"]

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

29923

The National Hurricane Center - past, present and future [in "WEATHER AND FORECASTING"]

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

29326

Effectiveness of geographic information systems (GIS) applications in flood management during and after Hurricane Fran

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

29120

Impact of Hurricane Bonnie (August 1998): North Carolina and Virginia with special emphasis on estuarine/mainland shores and a note about Hurricane Georges, Alabama

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

29007

Hurricane impact on fire department operations

• The city of Providence, R.I., and the Providence Fire Department have previously been seriously impacted by hurricanes that occurred in 1938 and 1954, in which the downtown business district had been left under many feet of water. In 1966, the city received the completed Fox Point Hurricane Barrier, from the United States Army Corps of Engineers, which was designed to protect the area behind it from a storm tidal surge. The problem that prompted this research is the country's leading forecaster has predicted an increase of hurricanes in 1998 and the years to come. Also compounding the problem is the Providence Fire Department has no written procedure for hurricanes and storms that its members can follow. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the current status of the Providence Fire Department as it stands today, and what impact a hurricane would cause. Both the historical and evaluative methods were utilized. Of which the following research questions were posed: 1. How has the Providence Fire Department been impacted by hurricanes or other significant weather related events? 2. Are there any nationally recognized standards or recommendations for fire departments to follow in preparing for hurricanes? 3. Does the Providence Fire Department comply with these nationally recognized standards or recommendations? 4. What have fire departments in the greater Providence area done to be prepared for a hurricane? To complete this research a literature review, personal interviews, a survey of area fire departments, and queries of the computer database were conducted. Thunderstorms were utilized because there were no previous computer records in the City of Providence that dealt with the impact of a hurricane on the Providence Fire Department. Results were found that there is a general increase in responses during thunderstorms in the Providence area. The results also showed that there are recommendations for fire departments to follow in which written procedure for storms or hurricanes. Also, area fire departments are generally decimated during thunderstorms and most likely would be unable to provide mutual aid to the city should it need assistance. Recommendations are made that the Providence Fire Department draft written procedure for storms and hurricanes. That the city should also set guidelines for dispatch center to curtail responses when the wind speeds reach a certain sustained speed. Further, the city should consider entering into a long range mutual aid agreement with communities far removed from Providence, so that personnel and equipment could be provided on a relatively quick notice, after a major storm impact. Additional research is recommended to verify the results of this study, and to investigate a need for additional standard operating procedures for other types of storms that impact the fire department.

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

28439

A case study of Florida's homeowners' insurance since Hurricane Andrew

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

Damage in Acapulco by Hurricane Pauline [in "NATURAL HAZARDS OBSERVER"]

• c.1: JOURNAL ROOM - ROOM 201 [Status: IN]

Natural disasters as focusing events: policy communities and political response [in "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS EMERGENCIES AND DISASTERS"]

• c.1: JOURNAL ROOM - ROOM 201 [Status: IN]

11853

Normalized hurricane damages in the United States: 1925-1995 - draft for comments

• Hurricanes are the costliest natural disasters in the United States (BTFFDR, 1995). Understanding how both hurricane frequencies and intensities vary from year to year as well as how this is manifested in changes in damages that occur is a topic of great interest to meteorologists, public and private decision makers and the general public alike. Previous research into long-term trends in hurricane-caused damage along the United States coast has suggested that damage has been quickly increasing within the last two decades, even after considering inflation. However, to best capture the year to year variability in tropical cyclone damage, consideration must also be given toward two additional factors: coastal population changes and changes in wealth. Both population and wealth have increased dramatically over the last several decades and act to enhance the recent hurricane damages preferentially over those occurring previously. More appropriate trends in the United States hurricane damages can be caculated when a normalization of the damages are done to take into account inflation, and changes in coastal population and wealth. With this normalization, the trend of increasing damage amounts in recent decades disappears. Instead, substantial multidecadal variations in normalized damages are observed; the 1970s and 1980s actually incurred less damages than in the preceding few decades. Only during the early 1990s does damage approach the high level of impact seen back in the 1940s through the 1960s, showing that what had been observed recently is not unprecedented. Over the long-term, the average annual impact of damages in the continental United States is about $4.8 billion (1995 $) - substantially more than previous estimates. Of these damages, over 83% are accounted for by the intense hurricanes (Saffir-Simpson 3, 4 and 5), yet these make up only 21% of the U. S.-landfalling tropical cyclones.

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

16127

Repeat response to hurricane evacuation orders

• Hurricane Hugo (1989) remains a vivid memory in the minds of residents of South Carolina. When a hurricane threatens the East Coast of the U. S., comparisons with Hugo are inevitable. Not mentioned by name are the hurricanes that appeared to threaten the seaboard, perhaps prompting protective action, by making landfall elsewhere. In the 1996 hurricane season, two of these hurricane events, Bertha and Fran, prompted evacuation orders to be issued along the North and South Carolina coasts. In both instances, the edge of the hurricane nicked the northern coast of South Carolina - each making landfall just over the border in North Carolina. These two events offer a unique opportunity to study the impact of repeated "false alarms" - evacuations ordered based on expections of hurricane landfall that ultimately proved to be wrong. The influence and credibility of forecasters and local officials, important factors in the evacuation response, could be affected by this recent history of repeated "misses," "near misses," and "hits." The impact of false alarms on future evacuations is a widespread source of speculation and concern in the emergency management community, but very little research had directly studied the implications of these unnecessary evacuations (Baker, 1991). Using these two hurricane events as case studies, this study employed short, face-to-face surveys to examine three specific questions: 1. Were there differences in evacuation responses of residents for hurricanes Bertha and Fran? 2. Was there an action or specific piece of information that convinced people to evacuate and did this vary between the two hurricane events? 3. What was the major source of "reliable" information influencing the decisions to evacuate and did this differ in the two hurricane events?

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

22731

The National Guard in disaster relief operations Hurricane Iniki (6 September-6 November 1992) - a case study

• During the eight-week period from 6 September 1992 through 6 November 1992, the Hawaii National Guard (HING) participated in a joint disaster relief operation on the island of Kauai as a result of a direct hit by Hurricane Iniki. The devastation caused by Iniki, a category 4 hurricane, was the worst ever recorded in the state of Hawaii and at the time, was classified as the third worst natural disaster ever to strike the United States. The purpose of this paper is to familiarize the reader with the civil-military role of the National Guard (NG) in domestic disasters. Using the HING disaster relief operations for Hurricane Iniki as a case study, it examines the unique state mission of the NG and the conditions under which it is employed. Using the HING as an example, the paper goes on to cover the organization of the NG within a state and reviews its capabilities in responding to disaster missions. The paper also provides an overview of the roles of the state emergency management departments, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the active component (AC) military, and other relief agencies in a domestic disaster after a federal emergency is declared. Finally, the paper documents some of the significant lessons learned by the HING, state, and federal organizations from Operation Iniki.

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

Disaster communication via the information superhighway: data and observations on the 1995 hurricane season [in "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS EMERGENCIES AND DISASTERS"]

• c.1: JOURNAL ROOM - ROOM 201 [Status: IN]

Riding out the storm: public evaluations of news coverage of Hurricane Andrew [in "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS EMERGENCIES AND DISASTERS"]

• c.1: JOURNAL ROOM - ROOM 201 [Status: IN]

27026

Impact of Hurricane Opal on the Florida/Alabama coast: quick-response field investigation

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

27024

Early response to Hurricane Marilyn in the U. S. Virgin Islands

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

26914

Hurricane Marilyn, September 15-16, 1995

• This report on Hurricane Marilyn was prepared by the Disaster Survey Team (DST) after 4 days of visits to the affected areas, including interviews with a number of individuals who experienced the full fury of the storm on St. Thomas. The team also visited the NWS offices that provided the warning, watch, and forecast services to Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands and spoke with Federal, Commonwealth, and local officials in the impacted areas. The team is grateful to the many officials who took time from their duties in support of the recovery efforts to share with us their impressions of the events before and during the onslaught of the hurricane. The evaluations and insights they provided form the basis of the many findings and recommendations contained in this Report. We also appreciate the patience of the numerous citizens who spoke with us while still dealing directly with repairing the damage done to their personal lives.

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

23720

The public health service's response to Hurricane Andrew [in "PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS"]

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

29554

Hurricane Fran in North Carolina - observations, recommendations, and technical guidance

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.2: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

Hurricane Andrew through women's eyes: issues and recommendations [in "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS EMERGENCIES AND DISASTERS"]

• c.1: JOURNAL ROOM - ROOM 201 [Status: IN]

21855

Preliminary report: medical examiner reports of deaths associated with Hurricane Andrew - Florida, August 1992 [in "MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT"]

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

20597

Hurricane Hugo's impact on the Virgin Islands

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

Evacuation in Cancun during Hurricane Gilbert [in "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS EMERGENCIES AND DISASTERS"]

• c.1: JOURNAL ROOM - ROOM 201 [Status: IN]

16896

Disaster recovery after Hurricane Hugo in South Carolina

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

Longitudinal changes in hurricane hazard perception [in "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS EMERGENCIES AND DISASTERS"]

• c.1: JOURNAL ROOM - ROOM 201 [Status: IN]

22733

Coping with catastrophe - building an emergency management system to meet people's needs in natural and manmade disasters

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.2: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.3: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.4: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

23840

Hurricane Andrew: South Florida and Louisiana, August 23-26, 1992

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

29621

Taking shelter from the storm: building a safe room inside your house (1st ed.)

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]
• c.2: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

23634

They could see stars from their beds: the plight of the rural poor in the aftermath of Hurricane Hugo

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

23618

FEMA: disaster relief or disaster, period?

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

The impact of disaster education on household preparedness for Hurricane Hugo [in "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS EMERGENCIES AND DISASTERS"]

• c.1: JOURNAL ROOM - ROOM 201 [Status: IN]

Hurricane evacuation behavior [in "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS EMERGENCIES AND DISASTERS"]

• c.1: JOURNAL ROOM - ROOM 201 [Status: IN]

14484

Psychophysiological indicators of PTSD following Hurricane Iniki: the multi-sensory interview

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

27658

Hurricane damage to residential structures: risk and mitigation

• Property damage and loss from hurricanes have increased with population growth in coastal areas, and climatic factors point to more frequent and intense hurricanes in the future. This paper describes potential hurricane hazards from wind and water. Damage to residential structures from three recent intense hurricanes - Hugo, Andrew, and Iniki - shows that wind is responsible for greater property loss than water. The current state-of-the-art building technology is sufficient to reduce damage from hurricanes when properly applied, and this paper discusses those building techniques that can mitigate hurricane damage and recommends measures for mitigating future hurricane damage to homes.

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

27324

The role of the U. S. Army Medical Department in domestic disaster assistance operations - lessons learned from Hurricane Andrew

• Hurricane Andrew, which struck South Dade County, Florida on the morning of 24 August 1992, was the "worst natural disaster ever to hit the United States..." The capabilities of the local and state governments to respond to the disaster were quickly overwhelmed and federal assistance was requested. Due to the scope of the disaster massive Department of Defense (DOD) support was required. This paper reviews the history of Federal disaster relief legislation and DOD's role in domestic disaster support. It reviews the Federal Response Plan with emphasis on Emergency Support Function 8 (Health and Medical). The study also addresses the Army Medical Department's role in the Hurricane Andrew operations and closes with a review of the medically related Joint Uniform Lessons Learned and the current status of actions to address those Lessons Learned.

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

29450

A review of relief: an examination of the response to Hurricane Georges in the Dominican Republic

• c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM - ROOM 209 [Status: IN]